A software environment to integrate urban traffic simulation tasks

This paper deseribes the CA TIA software environment, whieh is oriented to tool integration. The main funetionality provided by CA TIA is the ability to support the traffie engineer throughout several phases and tools that are demanded to analyze urban traffie systerns. An open architecture eombined with an objeet-oriented data model of the applieation domain provides for advantageous features when eompared to elassieal tools and engineering environment for CATE (Computer Aided Traffie Engineering). The modeling, implementation and obtained results are deseribed, emphasizing the arehiteeture of the inter-tool eommunieation faeilities

Dynamic and Static Calibration of Ultra-Low-Voltage, Digital-Based Operational Transconductance Amplifiers

The calibration of the effects of process variations and device mismatch in Ultra Low Voltage (ULV) Digital-Based Operational Transconductance Amplifiers (DB-OTAs) is addressed in this paper. For this purpose, two dynamic calibration techniques, intended to dynamically vary the effective strength of critical gates by different modulation strategies, i.e., Digital Pulse Width Modulation (DPWM) and Dyadic Digital Pulse Modulation (DDPM), are explored and compared to classic static calibration. The effectiveness of the calibration approaches as a mean to recover acceptable performance in non-functional samples is verified by Monte-Carlo (MC) post-layout simulations performed on a 300 mV power supply, nW-power DB-OTA in 180 nm CMOS. Based on the same MC post-layout simulations, the impact of each calibration strategy on silicon area, power consumption, and OTA performance is discussed

Design of a real-time hidden markov model state decoding system

Hidden Markov Models are used in different kinds of sequence recognition problems. Specially, Hidden Markov Models are suited for speech/speaker recognition systems. Due to the complexity of the algorithms involved, general-purpose computing solutions are typically significantly slower than real time. For many applications, however, real-time is essential and thus a system based in specific purpose hardware becomes necessary. For the probability computation in pattern recognition systems using Hidden Markov Models, a state decoding system is necessary. The state decoding system must be able to decide, based on the input sequence, which is the most probable state sequence that produces the input sequence and therefore the reference pattern which best matches with the input pattern. In this work, the implementation of a real-time Hidden Markov Model state decoding system is described. The prototype was implemented for left-right Markov Models.Eje: Agentes inteligentesRed de Universidades con Carreras en Informática (RedUNCI

Low-Voltage, Low-Area, nW-Power CMOS Digital-Based Biosignal Amplifier

This paper presents the operation principle and the silicon characterization of a power efficient ultra-low voltage and ultra-low area fully-differential, digital-based Operational Transconductance Amplifier (OTA), suitable for microscale biosensing applications (BioDIGOTA). Measured results in 180nm CMOS prototypes show that the proposed BioDIGOTA is able to work with a supply voltage down to 400 mV, consuming only 95 nW. Owing to its intrinsically highly-digital feature, the BioDIGOTA layout occupies only 0.022 mm2 of total silicon area, lowering the area by 3.22X times compared to the current state of the art, while keeping reasonable system performance, such as 7.6 NEF with 1.25 μVRMS input referred noise over a 10 Hz bandwidth, 1.8% of THD, 62 dB of CMRR and 55 dB of PSRR

Low-voltage, low-area, nW-power CMOS digital-based biosignal amplifier

This paper presents the operation principle and the silicon characterization of a power efficient ultra-low voltage and ultra-low area fully-differential, digital-based Operational Transconductance Amplifier (OTA), suitable for microscale biosensing applications (BioDIGOTA). Measured results in 180nm CMOS prototypes show that the proposed BioDIGOTA is able to work with a supply voltage down to 400 mV, consuming only 95 nW. Owing to its intrinsically highly-digital feature, the BioDIGOTA layout occupies only 0.022 mm2 of total silicon area, lowering the area by 3.22× times compared to the current state of the art, while keeping reasonable system performance, such as 7.6 NEF with 1.25 μVRMS input referred noise over a 10 Hz bandwidth, 1.8% of THD, 62 dB of CMRR and 55 dB of PSRR

A 300mV-Supply, 2nW-Power, 80pF-Load CMOS Digital-Based OTA for IoT Interfaces

This paper presents a power-efficient Ultra Low Voltage (ULV) Digital-Based Operational Transconductance Amplifier (DB-OTA), which uses static logic gates and processes digitally the analog input signal. Post-layout simulations in 180nm CMOS technology show that at 300mV supply voltage the circuit consumes just 2nW while driving a capacitive load of 80pF with Total Harmonic Distortion lower than 5% at 100mV input signal swing. The total silicon area is 1,426 μm2. The maximum energy efficiency supply for the DB-OTA and its scalability to 40nm CMOS technology node are also demonstrated

A 0.3-1.2V Schottky-Based CMOS ZTC Voltage Reference

A voltage reference based on MOSFETs operated under Zero Temperature Coefficient (ZTC) bias is proposed. The circuit operates in a power supply voltage range from 0.3V up to 1.2V and outputs three different reference voltages using Standard-VT (SVT), Low-VT (LVT), and Zero-VT (ZVT) MOS transistors biased near their ZTC point by a single PTAT current reference. Measurements on 15 circuit samples fabricated in a standard 0.13-µm CMOS process show a worst-case normalized standard deviation (σ/µ) of 3% (SVT), 5.1% (LVT) and 10.8% (ZVT) respectively with a 75% of confidence level. At the nominal supply voltage of 0.45 V, the measured effective temperature coefficients (TCeff) range from 140 to 200 ppm/oC over the full commercial temperature range. At room temperature (25oC), line sensitivity in the ZVT VR is just 1.3%/100mV, over the whole supply range. The proposed reference draws around 5 µW and occupies 0.014 mm2 of silicon area

MONITORAMENTO DA QUALIDADE DA ÁGUA NA MICROBACIA TARUMANZINHO EM ÁGUAS FRIAS, SC, BRASIL.

O monitoramento dos impactos das atividades agropecuárias sobre o ambiente na microbacia Tarumanzinho em Águas Frias, município do oeste catarinense, tem o objetivo de avaliar a disponibilidade e a qualidade da água superficial para consumo humano e a qualidade da água da rede hídrica, considerando as suas características físico-químicas e biológicas. Busca, ainda, expressar de forma objetiva as alterações na qualidade da água e os processos de degradação dos recursos hídricos da microbacia como resultado de fenômenos naturais e das ações antrópicas. Neste trabalho, foram avaliados os resultados de potabilidade obtidos em fontes superficiais de 20 propriedades, bem como o monitoramento da qualidade da água em 5 pontos da rede hídrica da microbacia, pelo período de um ano. Os indicadores avaliados foram coliformes fecais, turbidez e pH nas amostras destinadas ao consumo humano e coliformes fecais, turbidez, pH e fósforo nas amostras da rede hídrica. Os resultados obtidos demonstram que alguns indicadores de qualidade da água, tanto da água de consumo humano quanto da água da rede hídrica, estão em desconformidade com a legislação.Palavras-chave: monitoramento; indicadores de qualidade; fontes superficiais de Água; contaminaçãoWATER QUALITY MONITORING IN WATERSHED TARUMANZINHO IN ÁGUAS FRIAS, SANTA CATARINA STATE, BRAZIL.ABSTRACTThe monitoring of the impacts of agricultural activities about the environment in the watershed Tarumanzinho Águas Frias, city in western Santa Catarina, has the goal of evaluating assess the availability and quality of surface water for human consumption and water quality of the water system, considering their physical, chemical and biological features. It also seeks to express in an objective manner changes on the water quality and processes of degradation of water resources the watershed as a result of natural phenomenon and the human agricultural actions. This study evaluated the results obtained from a source of potable water surface of 20 residences, as well as monitoring water quality at 5 points of water systems by period from one year. The indicators have been evaluated faecal coliforms, turbidity and pH on samples destined for human consumption and faecal coliforms, turbidity, pH and phosphorus on samples of the water system. The results obtained showed that some indicators of water quality of both, drinking water as water from water system, are inconsistent with the law.Key words: monitoring, quality indicators, water surface source, contaminatio

Design of a real-time hidden markov model state decoding system

Hidden Markov Models are used in different kinds of sequence recognition problems. Specially, Hidden Markov Models are suited for speech/speaker recognition systems. Due to the complexity of the algorithms involved, general-purpose computing solutions are typically significantly slower than real time. For many applications, however, real-time is essential and thus a system based in specific purpose hardware becomes necessary. For the probability computation in pattern recognition systems using Hidden Markov Models, a state decoding system is necessary. The state decoding system must be able to decide, based on the input sequence, which is the most probable state sequence that produces the input sequence and therefore the reference pattern which best matches with the input pattern. In this work, the implementation of a real-time Hidden Markov Model state decoding system is described. The prototype was implemented for left-right Markov Models.Eje: Agentes inteligentesRed de Universidades con Carreras en Informática (RedUNCI